This release I’ve made some big changes to how the UI and conversion code works together. Now when running a conversion, the UI can be updated and so it can show the progress and in future releases, what it is currently doing. Though it may not since it converts a full movie subtitle file so fast it would be hard to see the constant status changes.

Another important feature of this release is a the replacing newlines from the SubRip files with <br /> tags in DFXP. This allows multiline dialog to display in Netflix. I made this change after watching Moon with the mrs. the other night and missing parts of the text as it overflowed off the video. Kudos to codeman38 for doing this in his initial python release!

GUI Change Log

Script Change Log

• +Changed the replacement of newlines in srts to <br /> tags instead of nothing. (Works great with Netflix!)
  • Because of this I also have to change the default XML code to use InnerXML and had to clean the incoming text with cleanamp().

Downloads

If you used the installer version previously, your copy should automatically update itself. Otherwise you can grab a copy below!

GUI v0.3: Installer, Binaries, Source
Command Line v0.3: Powershell

Script Changes

• SubRip parsing is faster (tests with Memento srt file finished in half the time.)
• A little more forgiving with some error messages to help with issues.
• Fixes issues with parameters. If InputPath or InputString weren’t specified, it would fail.
  • Now you can actually do “srt2dfxp.ps1 file.srt file.dfxp”
• Modified TimeOffset so it now has to be named instead of having a position.
• Added TimeOffset parsing so that integers or strings can be used instead of having to create a TimeSpan object.
• Added cleanamp which checks for ampersands and fixes any that aren’t followed by “amp;”. Only used by -NetflixCompatible
• Added progress bars, to see them use the -WatchProgress switch;
• Added some debugging data. Set $DebugPreference to “Continue” to see it.

GUI

The is my first attempt at using WPF for an application, so it may be buggy. Though I’ve done a bunch of testing and tweaking. It’s feature set and features are pretty much 1:1 with the script. Some things like the converted DFXP to stdout though have been cut.

Roadmap

Definitely happening:

• Code base merge. Build a library in C# to do the heavy lifting and then either Powershell or WPF to access those methods.
• Alternate <timeExpression> formats.
• Inclusion of other subtitle/captioning formats.

Meh, it would be nice:

• Text editing and timing.
• Netflix: “Smart” splitting to make sure all text is rendered.
• Video/Image preview for editing.
• Signed installer/executables.
• Subtitle search

Download

• GUI v0.2.0.5: Installer, Binaries, Source
• Command Line v0.2: Powershell

Earlier this year Netflix finally added captioning to their Instant watch player. Which is about time, finally they can start catching up with Hulu‘s awesome implementation. Sadly though, they only seem to offer the captioning for select videos which seem to all be episodes from the popular TV series Lost. Since me and the mrs. have already enjoyed in it’s entirety, it doesn’t help us when want to watch something now and don’t want to visit the local video rental shop.

That is until last night.

Last night I was working on an unrelated project when I came across keyboard shortcuts for the Netflix player. One of them was for a menu, which had a strange entry “Load custom DFXP File” which turns out is a W3 standard for subtitles! So I started off finding out how to construct my own SubRip to DFXP converter.

However things turned out to be not as simple as it first appeared. The Netflix player apparently is very picky about it’s XML, and by picky I mean the kid freaking out that the peas are touching the potatoes picky. I think it may just be using text parsing, but I can’t confirm since Netflix obfuscates their Silverlight code, making it hard to follow. This presented me with some difficulty until I started up Wireshark and captured the DFXP file for the Lost pilot episode and used that as a template.

At the moment this is a only a Powershell script. I do plan on writing a .NET GUI or web based converter in the near future so my wife can make use of it without me around.

Script Usage

Basic usage is to download the Subrip file you need and pass it through the converter.

srt2dfxp.ps1 MovieSubtitles.srt MovieSubtitles.dfxp

For a Netflix compatible version, include the -NetflixCompatible switch.

srt2dfxp.ps1 MovieSubtitles.srt MovieSubtitles.dfxp -NetflixCompatible

And for some Netflix videos you’ll need to account for video padding, like on their StarsPlay selections. The following example accounts for the 13 second StarsPlay preview before Memento.

srt2dfxp.ps1 MovieSubtitles.srt MovieSubtitles.dfxp ([timespan]::parse("0:00:13")) -NetflixCompatible

Netflix Usage

Now that you have a Netflix compatible DFXP file, open up your movie and hit Ctrl+Shift+Alt+M to bring up a menu. From here Select “Load custom DFXP File”, browse to the location of your file and enjoy your newly subtitled Netflix Instant Watch movie!

Get it

Download srt2dfxp.zip.

[Edit] Codeman38 has created Python version that works on Macs and I assume Linux.

Code/Script:

param (
    $targetMac,
    $network = [net.ipaddress]::Broadcast,
    $subnet = [net.ipaddress]::Broadcast
)
try {
    if($network.gettype().equals([string])) {
        $network = [net.ipaddress]::Parse($network);
    }
    if($subnet.gettype().equals([string])) {
        $subnet = [net.ipaddress]::Parse($subnet);
    }
    $broadcast = new-object net.ipaddress (([system.net.ipaddress]::parse("255.255.255.255").address -bxor $subnet.address -bor $network.address))

    $mac = [Net.NetworkInformation.PhysicalAddress]::Parse($targetMac.toupper().replace(".",""))

    $u = New-Object net.sockets.udpclient
    $ep = New-Object net.ipendpoint $broadcast, 0
    $ep2 = New-Object net.ipendpoint $broadcast, 7
    $ep3 = New-Object net.ipendpoint $broadcast, 9

    $payload = [byte[]]@(255,255,255, 255,255,255);
    $payload += ($mac.GetAddressBytes()*16)

    for($i = 0; $i -lt 10; $i++) {
        $u.Send($payload, $payload.Length, $ep) | Out-Null
        $u.Send($payload, $payload.Length, $ep2) | Out-Null
        $u.Send($payload, $payload.Length, $ep3) | Out-Null
        sleep 1;
    }
} catch {
    $Error | Write-Error;
}

Usage:

wol.ps1 "target-MAC"
wol.ps1 "target-MAC" 192.168.1.255
wol.ps1 "target-MAC" 192.168.1.123 255.255.255.0

<#
.Synopsis
Parses the "net view" command into PowerShell objects for easy usage.
.description
Switches and parameters are copied stright from "Net view".

Return objects are named after the output table headers in net view.

NETVIEW.PS1 displays a list of resources being shared on a computer. When used without options, it displays a list of computers in the current domain or network.
.parameter Computer
    Is a computer whose shared resources you want to view.
.parameter Domain
    Specifies the domain for which you want to view the available computers. If domainname is omitted, displays all domains in the local area network.
.parameter Cache
    Displays the offline client caching settings for the resources on the specified computer
.parameter All
    Displays all the shares including the $ shares
.parameter ResolveIP
    Resolves the NetBIOS names to their network IP addresses.
.parameter GetOS
    Uses CIM_OperatingSystem WMI class to obtain the operating system.
.parameter GetUser
    Get's the last user who logged in to that machine.
.parameter IsCluster
    Tries to find out if the ServerName is a cluster name.
.parameter Credentials
    Optional credentials to use for GetOS. If none are supplied it tries to use current credentials.
.Notes
-Version 0.2
    *Made some code changes so it doesn't die after WMI query failure.
    *Added missing .parameters as well as .Link and .Note.
    *Added IsCluster switch which checks to see if WINS is a cluster name instead of a machine name.
.Link

http://josherickson.org/tag/netview-ps1

#>
param (
    [string]$Computer,
    [string]$Domain,
    [switch]$Cache,
    [switch]$All,
	[switch]$ResolveIP,
    [switch]$GetOS,
    [switch]$GetUser,
    [switch]$IsCluster,
    [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$Credentials
)

#Take some notes and clean up stuff.
if($Computer.length -gt 1 -and !$Computer.startswith("\\")) {
    $Computer = "\\$computer";
    #$computer = "/computer $computer";
}
if($Domain.length -gt 1) {
    $Domain = "/DOMAIN:$Domain";
}

if($Cache.ispresent) {
    $_Cache = "/CACHE";
}

if($All.ispresent) {
    $_All = "/ALL";
}
try {
    $nv_raw = (powershell "& { net view $Computer $_Cache $_All $Domain }" 2>&1)
    if(($nv_raw | where {$_.tolower().contains("error")})) { throw $nv_raw; }
} catch{
    $nv_raw | where {$_} | Write-Error;
    exit;
}
#If computer isn't defined, we just want to parse the net view output as a list of computers.
if($Computer.length -eq 0) {
	$nv = $nv_raw | where {$_.startswith("\\")} | foreach { @{"name" = $_.substring(2,$_.indexof(" ")-2).replace(" ",""); "remark" = [regex]::Split($_, "( ){2,}")[2]} }
	foreach($a in $nv) {
		try {
			$r = new-object object;

			Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "ServerName" -Value $a.name;
			Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Remarks" -Value $a.remark;

			[string]::Format("Running computer: {0}", $r.ServerName) | Write-Debug;

			if($GetIP.IsPresent) {
				try {
					Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "AddressList" -Value ([net.dns]::GetHostEntry($r.ServerName).addresslist);
				}
				catch {}
			}

			Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType ScriptMethod -Force -Name "ToString" -Value {
				try {
					return $this.ServerName +"|"+ [string]::Join("|", ($this.Addresslist));
				}
				catch{
					return $this.ServerName;
				}
			}

			if($GetOS.ispresent) {
				$__error = $Null;
				try {
					#if this computer is the one we're currently working on we can't use the gwmi credentials parameter
					if($r.ServerName -ne (hostname) -and $Credentials) {
						$os_cap = (gwmi -Class CIM_OperatingSystem -ComputerName $r.ServerName -Credential $Credentials).caption 2> $__error;
					} else {
						$os_cap = (gwmi -Class CIM_OperatingSystem -ComputerName $r.ServerName).caption  2> $__error;
					}
					if($__error) { throw $__error; }
					Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "OS" -Value $os_cap;
				} catch {
					$Error | Write-Error;
				}
			}

			if($GetUser.ispresent) {
				try {
					#if this computer is the one we're currently working on we can't use the gwmi credentials parameter
					if($r.ServerName -ne (hostname)) {
						$loggedon_user = (gwmi -Class CIM_UnitaryComputerSystem -ComputerName $r.ServerName -Credential $Credentials).UserName 2> $__error;
					} else {
						$loggedon_user = (gwmi -Class CIM_UnitaryComputerSystem -ComputerName $r.ServerName).UserName 2> $__error;
					}
					if($__error) { throw $__error; }
					Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "LastLoggedOnUser" -Value $loggedon_user;
				} catch {
					$Error | Write-Error;
				}
			}

			if($IsCluster.ispresent -xor ($IsCluster.ispresent -and $r.os -and !$r.os.contains("Server"))) {
				Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "IsCluster" -Value $False;
				try {
					if($Credentials) {
						$c = (gwmi -ComputerName $r.servername -Namespace Root\MSCluster -Class MSCluster_Node -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue" -Credential $Credentials)

					} else {
						$c = (gwmi -ComputerName $r.servername -Namespace Root\MSCluster -Class MSCluster_Node -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue")
					}

					$r.IsCluster = ([int]$c.length -gt 0 -and !(($c | foreach {$_.name}) -contains $r.servername));
				} catch {
					$Error | Write-Error;
				}
			}
			#output the object.
			$r;
		} catch {}
	}
} else { #Parse shares list
	#Start of lines that we DON'T want.
	$lines = @("Shared resources at", "Share name", "-----------", "The command completed successfully.");

	foreach($l in $nv_raw) {
		if(($lines | where {$l.startswith($_);}) -eq $null -and $l.length -gt 0) {
		   $r = New-Object object;
		   $t = [regex]::Split($l, "( ){2,}") | where {$_.replace(" ","").length -gt 0};
		   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Name" -Value $t[0];
		   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Type" -Value $t[1];
		   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType ScriptProperty -Name "Secret" -Value {
				$this.ShareName.EndsWith("$");
		   }
		   if($t.length -gt 3) {
			   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "UsedAs" -Value $t[2];
			   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Comment" -Value $t[3];
		   } else {
			   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Comment" -Value $t[2];
		   }
		   $r;
		}
	}
}

<#
.Synopsis
Parses the "net view" command into PowerShell objects for easy usage.
.description
Switches and parameters are copied stright from "Net view".

Return objects are named after the output table headers in net view.

NETVIEW.PS1 displays a list of resources being shared on a computer. When used without options, it displays a list of computers in the current domain or network.
.parameter Computer
    Is a computer whose shared resources you want to view.
.parameter Domain
    Specifies the domain for which you want to view the available computers. If domainname is omitted, displays all domains in the local area network.
.parameter Cache
    Displays the offline client caching settings for the resources on the specified computer
.parameter All
    Displays all the shares including the $ shares
.parameter ResolveIP
    Resolves the NetBIOS names to their network IP addresses.
.parameter GetOS
    Uses CIM_OperatingSystem WMI class to obtain the operating system.
.parameter Credentials
    Optional credentials to use for GetOS.

#>
param (
    [string]$Computer,
    [string]$Domain,
    [switch]$Cache,
    [switch]$All,
	[switch]$ResolveIP,
    [switch]$GetOS,
    [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$Credentials
)

#Take some notes and clean up stuff.
if($Computer.length -gt 1 -and !$Computer.startswith("\\")) {
    $Computer = "\\$computer";
    #$computer = "/computer $computer";
}
if($Domain.length -gt 1) {
    $Domain = "/DOMAIN:$Domain";
}

if($Cache.ispresent) {
    $_Cache = "/CACHE";
}

if($All.ispresent) {
    $_All = "/ALL";
}

try {
    try {
        $nv_raw = (powershell "& { net view $Computer $_Cache $_All $Domain }" 2>&1)
        if(($nv_raw | where {$_.tolower().contains("error")})) { throw $nv_raw; }
    } catch{
        $nv_raw | where {$_}
        exit;
    }

    #If computer isn't defined, we just want to parse the net view output as a list of computers.
    if($Computer.length -eq 0) {
        $nv = $nv_raw | where {$_.startswith("\\")} | foreach { @{"name" = $_.substring(2,$_.indexof(" ")-2).replace(" ",""); "remark" = [regex]::Split($_, "( ){2,}")[2]} }
        foreach($a in $nv) {
            #return object
        	$r = new-object object;

            Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "ServerName" -Value $a.name;
            Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Remarks" -Value $a.remark;

            if($GetIP.IsPresent) {
                try {
                    Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "AddressList" -Value ([net.dns]::GetHostEntry($r.ServerName).addresslist);
                }
                catch {}
            }

            Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType ScriptMethod -Force -Name "ToString" -Value {
                try {
                    return $this.ServerName +"|"+ [string]::Join("|", ($this.Addresslist));
                }
                catch{
                    return $this.ServerName;
                }
            }

            if($GetOS.ispresent) {
                try {
                    #if this computer is the one we're currently working on we can't use the gwmi credentials parameter
                    if($r.ServerName -ne (hostname)) {
                        Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "OS" -Value (gwmi CIM_OperatingSystem -ComputerName $r.ServerName -Credential $Credentials).caption
                    } else {
                        Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "OS" -Value (gwmi CIM_OperatingSystem -ComputerName $r.ServerName).caption
                    }
                } catch {
					$Error | write-error;
                    Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "OS" -Value "N/A"
                }
            }

            #output the object.
            $r;
        }
    } else {
        #Start of lines that we DON'T want.
        $lines = @("Shared resources at", "Share name", "-----------", "The command completed successfully.");

        foreach($l in $nv_raw) {
            if(($lines | where {$l.startswith($_);}) -eq $null -and $l.length -gt 0) {
               $r = New-Object object;
               $t = [regex]::Split($l, "( ){2,}") | where {$_.replace(" ","").length -gt 0};
               Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Name" -Value $t[0];
               Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Type" -Value $t[1];
               Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType ScriptProperty -Name "Secret" -Value {
                    $this.ShareName.EndsWith("$");
               }
               if($t.length -gt 3) {
                   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "UsedAs" -Value $t[2];
                   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Comment" -Value $t[3];
               } else {
                   Add-Member -InputObject $r -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Comment" -Value $t[2];
               }
               $r;
            }
        }
    }
} catch {
    $Error | Write-Error
}

Edit: Fixed some variable name errors.

Thankfully subnet addresses are fairly easy to ID since they all start with 255 and, in binary, never have a 1 follow a 0.

<#
.Synopsis
Determine whether or not a given IP/Subnet address is a Subnet mask.
.description
This script should make it easier to determine whether or not a given Net.IPAddress is suppose to be used as an subnet mask or not.
.parameter Address
A string or an System.Net.IPAddress object.
.Example
if(issubnet.ps1 255.255.254.0 -eq $True) {
    "this is a subnet";
}
.Example
if(issubnet.ps1 "192.168.1.254" -eq $True) {
    "This is a subnet";
}
#>
param (
    [Parameter(Position = 0, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)]
    $Address
)
try {
    if($Address.gettype() -eq [net.ipaddress]) {
        $a = $Address;
    } elseif($Address.gettype() -eq [string]) {
        $a = [net.ipaddress]::Parse("$Address");
    } elseif($Address.gettype() -eq [Int64]) {
        $a = New-Object net.ipaddress $Address;
    }
    $b2subnet = [string]::join("", ($a.getaddressbytes() | foreach {[convert]::ToString($_, 2).padleft(8, "0")}))
}
catch {
    throw ("Invalid IPAddress or input type. Type given: " + $Address.GetType().name + ", Value: " + $Address)
}
try {
    if($a.getaddressbytes()[0] -eq 255 -and $b2subnet.indexof("1", $b2subnet.indexof("0")) -eq -1) {
        return $True;
    } else {
        return $False
    }
}
catch {
    if($a -eq [net.ipaddress]::Parse("255.255.255.255")) {
        return $True;
    } else {
        throw "There was some sort of error and I don't know why!";
    }
}

Since last working the script, I’d like to think I’ve learned more and it was about to time clean up the code and make it a little more user friendly. It still relies on the original ImageProcessor.dll, but this time, I moved the files around so you just need to unzip the archive and changing your background. If you’re as paranoid as I am, the source for ImageProcessor.dll is still included, as well as the build.bat file.

Download win7logonui now!

All examples are in Powershell, however they could be translated to C#, any .NET language or even some other language quite easily.

Examples

Including System.net. This may not be necessary, but I’ve mucked with my Powershell settings way too much to know about a vanilla install.

#Powershell v1.0
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("system.net");
#Powershell v2.0
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Net;

A common plight for me is finding out if two different IP addresses are on the same local network.

$router = [net.ipaddress]::Parse("192.168.1.254");
$subnet = [net.ipaddress]::Parse("255.255.255.0");
$IP_one = [net.ipaddress]::Parse("192.168.1.23");
$IP_two = [net.ipaddress]::Parse("192.168.1.55");
$IP_three = [net.ipaddress]::Parse("33.21.9.1");

#get the network ID
#in this case it's 192.168.1.0
$network = $router.address -band $subnet.Address

($network -band $IP_one.Address) -eq $network #True
($network -band $IP_two.Address) -eq $network #True
($network -band $IP_three.Address) -eq $network #False

Of course there are also times where I need to know how many addresses there are in the network or what they are.

$seed = [net.ipaddress]::Parse("192.168.23.45");
$subnet = [net.ipaddress]::Parse("255.255.252.0");

$begin = ($seed.address -band $subnet.address)
$end = (([net.ipaddress]::Broadcast.Address -bxor $subnet.Address) -bor $seed.address)

#It's the same for both start and ending IP's
#We convert from a 64 to 32 bit integer (8 to 4 bytes) and then reverse it so we can do addition/subtraction math to later on.
$start_bytes = new-object byte[] 4;
[array]::copy([bitconverter]::getBytes(($seed.address -band $subnet.address)), $start_bytes, 4);
[array]::Reverse($start_bytes);
$start_int = [bitconverter]::ToInt32($start_bytes,0);

$end_bytes = new-object byte[] 4;
[array]::copy([bitconverter]::getBytes((([net.ipaddress]::Broadcast.Address -bxor $subnet.Address) -bor $seed.address)), $end_bytes, 4);
[array]::Reverse($end_bytes);
$end_int = [bitconverter]::ToInt32($end_bytes,0);

#Entire range including the network ID and Broadcast addresses
[math]::Abs($start_int - $end_int) + 1

#Just the number of usable addresses
[math]::Abs($start_int - $end_int) - 1

#Address list!
for($i=0; $i -le [math]::abs($start_int - $end_int); $i++) {
    $tba = [bitconverter]::getbytes($i + $start_int);
	[array]::Reverse($tba)
    (new-object net.ipaddress ([bitconverter]::ToInt64($tba + [byte[]]@(0,0,0,0),0))).tostring();
}

Conclusion

As you can see, using bitwise operations greatly reduces the complexity required to calculate network addresses. By simplifying the process, it makes it much easier to maintain the code and build on it later!

It would seem everyone out there is happy with just merging their VHDs and getting back to work, but not me, no sir! I want things back the way they were! It took me about half a day to get this, so hopefully, this will save you some time for more important things, like tetris!

Steps

1. Create same number of pre-existing snapshots using the Hyper-V MMC.
2. Replace new snapshots with old snapshots while renaming the old to the same as the new, except the file extension should be “vhd” instead of “avhd”. The reason we’ll see later, but the Hyper-V tool to repair VHD chains auto-appends .vhd! (Grr Hyper-V Team, grr!)
3. Repair the vhd’s. Because of our renaming we’ve broken the differencing chain. To fix this, go to open Hyper-V, go to the VM’s Settings and then the hard drive. Change the VHD to the new one (simply changing the extension should work) and click “inspect disk”. This will walk you through fixing the chain.
4. Modify the ACL to include the VM specific account. This you must to in Powershell since the Explorer GUI can’t seem to find the account. I don’t know why and there may be a way, but I’m to lazy to dig into it and this works. (Below you can find some sample code.) The account to add from the old VHD, is the one that starts with “NT VIRTUAL MACHINE” and ends with a GUID.

   ##START POWERSHELL CODE
   #get the old vhd's permissions
   $vm_perm = (get-acl .\old.vhd).access | where { $_.IdentityReference.tostring().contains("NT VIRTUAL MACHINE") }
   
   #Load the new vhd's acl into memory
   $newvhd = get-acl .\new.vhd
   
   $newvhd.AddAccessRule($vm_perm)
   
   $newvhd | set-acl .\new.vhd
   ##END POWERSHELL CODE

5. Open all the VM’s XML setting files and make sure that any settings related the the VHD’s is correct. This should only be the filename. If you need to edit these files be sure to turn off the Hyper-V Management Service, this will not affect the VM’s running, only the managing of them. The XML files can be found wherever you made the VM.
6. You should now have a restored VM with the snapshot tree! Woo! Go you!